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class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2023-11-22T01:17:26.531Z" title="更新于 2023-11-22 09:17:26">2023-11-22</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/blog/categories/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B8%88/">信息项目管理师</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="挣值分析"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="挣值分析"><a href="#挣值分析" class="headerlink" title="挣值分析"></a>挣值分析</h1><h2 id="挣值相关术语"><a href="#挣值相关术语" class="headerlink" title="挣值相关术语"></a>挣值相关术语</h2><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">* BCWP:  Budgeted cost for work performed</span><br><span class="line">* BCWS:  Budgeted cost for work scheduled</span><br><span class="line">* ACWP:  Actual cost for work performed</span><br><span class="line">* EV:  实际工作的预算价值（挣值）-- 干完的活</span><br><span class="line">* PV:  计划工作的预算价值  --   要干的活</span><br><span class="line">* AC:  实际工作的实际花费  --  实际花费</span><br><span class="line">* BAC: 计划项目总预算</span><br><span class="line">* ETC: 完工尚需估算</span><br><span class="line">* ETC=BAC-EV:   当前偏差 非典型</span><br><span class="line">* ETC&#x27;=ETC/CPI: 当前偏差 典型</span><br><span class="line">* ETC=(BAC-EV)/CPI*SPI  受成本和进度制约情况下</span><br><span class="line">* EAC=ETC+AC:   完成时估算</span><br><span class="line">* VAC=BAC-EAC:  完成时偏差</span><br><span class="line">* TCPI:  为了实现特定的管理目标，剩余资源的使用，必须达到的成本绩效目标，即完成剩余工作所需成本与剩余预算之比</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">典型：按照当前进度</span><br><span class="line">  </span><br><span class="line">非典型：改好，按照计划来</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><strong>EV永远在前面，EV越大越好</strong></p>
<h2 id="挣值计算公式"><a href="#挣值计算公式" class="headerlink" title="挣值计算公式"></a>挣值计算公式</h2><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">SV = EV - PV (进度偏差)</span><br><span class="line">CV = EV - AC (成本偏差)</span><br><span class="line">SPI = EV / PV (进度绩效指数)</span><br><span class="line">CPI = EV / AC (成本绩效指数)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">SV &gt; 0   SPI &gt; 1  进度超前</span><br><span class="line">CV &gt; 0   CPI &gt; 1  成本节约</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<hr>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">TCPI: 大于1，很难完成</span><br><span class="line">      等于1，正好完成</span><br><span class="line">      小于1，很容易完成</span><br><span class="line">为了按计划完成，必须维持的效率：</span><br><span class="line">    TCPI=(BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)</span><br><span class="line">为了实现当前的完成估算（EAV），必须维持的效率：</span><br><span class="line">    TCPI=(BAC-EV)/(EAC-AC)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="成本进度曲线图"><a href="#成本进度曲线图" class="headerlink" title="成本进度曲线图"></a>成本进度曲线图</h2><h3 id="1、成本超支、进度滞后（换人）"><a href="#1、成本超支、进度滞后（换人）" class="headerlink" title="1、成本超支、进度滞后（换人）"></a>1、成本超支、进度滞后（换人）</h3><p><img src="16765366386230.jpg"><img src="1700615527192.png" alt="1700615527192"></p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">用工作效率高的人员更换一批工作效率低的人员，赶工或并行施工追赶进度（在控制成本的情况下赶工，在控制风险的情况下快速跟进）</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="2、进度滞后、成本持平（加人）"><a href="#2、进度滞后、成本持平（加人）" class="headerlink" title="2、进度滞后、成本持平（加人）"></a>2、进度滞后、成本持平（加人）</h2><p><img src="16765370115682.jpg"><img src="1700615534861.png" alt="1700615534861"></p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">增加高效人员投入，赶工活并行施工追赶进度</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="3、进度超前、成本持平-（抽人）"><a href="#3、进度超前、成本持平-（抽人）" class="headerlink" title="3、进度超前、成本持平 （抽人）"></a>3、进度超前、成本持平 （抽人）</h3><p><img src="16765372586597.jpg"><img src="1700615542817.png" alt="1700615542817"></p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">抽出部分人员，增加少量骨干人员</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="4、成本节约、进度超前（质量）"><a href="#4、成本节约、进度超前（质量）" class="headerlink" title="4、成本节约、进度超前（质量）"></a>4、成本节约、进度超前（质量）</h3><p><img src="16765372812724.jpg"><img src="1700615549377.png" alt="1700615549377"></p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">若偏离不大，维持现状，加强质量控制</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="练习题"><a href="#练习题" class="headerlink" title="练习题"></a>练习题</h2><h3 id="练习题1"><a href="#练习题1" class="headerlink" title="练习题1"></a>练习题1</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">某项目计划工期12个月，每月预算1万元，在4月末时，发现实际完成3个月的工作量，花费3.5万元。</span><br><span class="line">问题：</span><br><span class="line">    1、在4月末是，此项目的EV、PV、AC</span><br><span class="line">    2、评价此时该项目的进度、成本绩效。</span><br><span class="line">答：</span><br><span class="line">    1、</span><br><span class="line">        EV = 1*3 =3w</span><br><span class="line">        PV = 1*4=4w</span><br><span class="line">        AC = 3.5w</span><br><span class="line">    2、成本绩效= CPI=EV/AC=3/3.5&lt;1 成本超支</span><br><span class="line">       进度绩效=SPI=EV/PV=3/4&lt;1 进度滞后</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="练习题2"><a href="#练习题2" class="headerlink" title="练习题2"></a>练习题2</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">项目1、2、3、4的工期都是3年，在第二年末其挣值分析数据如下表所示，按照趋势最早完工的应该是项目（）</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">项目</th>
<th align="center">预算总成本</th>
<th align="center">EV</th>
<th align="center">PV</th>
<th align="center">AC</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">1</td>
<td align="center">1500</td>
<td align="center">1000</td>
<td align="center">1200</td>
<td align="center">900</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">2</td>
<td align="center">1500</td>
<td align="center">1300</td>
<td align="center">1200</td>
<td align="center">1300</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">3</td>
<td align="center">1500</td>
<td align="center">1250</td>
<td align="center">1200</td>
<td align="center">1300</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">4</td>
<td align="center">1500</td>
<td align="center">1100</td>
<td align="center">1200</td>
<td align="center">1200</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">答：项目1：SPI=EV/PV=1000/1200 &lt;1</span><br><span class="line">   项目2：SPI=EV/PV=1300/1200 &gt;1</span><br><span class="line">   项目3：SPI=EV/PV=1250/1200&gt;1</span><br><span class="line">   项目4：SPI=EV/PV=1100/1200&lt;1</span><br><span class="line">   项目2最先完工</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="练习题3"><a href="#练习题3" class="headerlink" title="练习题3"></a>练习题3</h3><figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">下表为同时开展的4个项目在某个时刻的计划值PV、实际成本AC和挣值EV，该时刻成本超出最多的项目和进度最为落后的项目分别是()。</span><br><span class="line">    A.项目1，项目1  B.项目3，项目2</span><br><span class="line">    C.项目4，项目4  D.项目2，项目4</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">项目</th>
<th align="center">PV</th>
<th align="center">AC</th>
<th align="center">EV</th>
<th align="center">CV</th>
<th align="center">SPI</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">1</td>
<td align="center">10000</td>
<td align="center">11000</td>
<td align="center">10000</td>
<td align="center">-1000</td>
<td align="center">1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">2</td>
<td align="center">9000</td>
<td align="center">7200</td>
<td align="center">6000</td>
<td align="center">-1200</td>
<td align="center">0.66</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">3</td>
<td align="center">8000</td>
<td align="center">8000</td>
<td align="center">8000</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
<td align="center">0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">4</td>
<td align="center">10000</td>
<td align="center">7000</td>
<td align="center">5000</td>
<td align="center">-2000</td>
<td align="center">0.5</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">答：CV=EV-AC</span><br><span class="line">    SPI=EV/PV</span><br><span class="line">    成本超支最多的为项目4，超支2000</span><br><span class="line">    进度最为落后的是项目4</span><br><span class="line">    选择答案C </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta"><i class="fas fa-circle-user fa-fw"></i>文章作者: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://houyudong1989.gitee.io/blog">侯玉东</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta"><i class="fas fa-square-arrow-up-right fa-fw"></i>文章链接: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://houyudong1989.gitee.io/blog/2023/11/22/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86/%E6%8C%A3%E5%80%BC%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/">https://houyudong1989.gitee.io/blog/2023/11/22/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86/%E6%8C%A3%E5%80%BC%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta"><i class="fas fa-circle-exclamation fa-fw"></i>版权声明: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 <a 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class="toc-text">成本进度曲线图</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#1%E3%80%81%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC%E8%B6%85%E6%94%AF%E3%80%81%E8%BF%9B%E5%BA%A6%E6%BB%9E%E5%90%8E%EF%BC%88%E6%8D%A2%E4%BA%BA%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.3.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">1、成本超支、进度滞后（换人）</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#2%E3%80%81%E8%BF%9B%E5%BA%A6%E6%BB%9E%E5%90%8E%E3%80%81%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC%E6%8C%81%E5%B9%B3%EF%BC%88%E5%8A%A0%E4%BA%BA%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">2、进度滞后、成本持平（加人）</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#3%E3%80%81%E8%BF%9B%E5%BA%A6%E8%B6%85%E5%89%8D%E3%80%81%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC%E6%8C%81%E5%B9%B3-%EF%BC%88%E6%8A%BD%E4%BA%BA%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.4.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">3、进度超前、成本持平 （抽人）</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#4%E3%80%81%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC%E8%8A%82%E7%BA%A6%E3%80%81%E8%BF%9B%E5%BA%A6%E8%B6%85%E5%89%8D%EF%BC%88%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%EF%BC%89"><span class="toc-number">1.4.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">4、成本节约、进度超前（质量）</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%BB%83%E4%B9%A0%E9%A2%98"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">练习题</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%BB%83%E4%B9%A0%E9%A2%981"><span class="toc-number">1.5.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">练习题1</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%BB%83%E4%B9%A0%E9%A2%982"><span class="toc-number">1.5.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">练习题2</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E7%BB%83%E4%B9%A0%E9%A2%983"><span class="toc-number">1.5.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">练习题3</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget 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